Pixels, or picture elements, are the smallest physical points on a display, as well as the base components. Pixels are therefore the building blocks of any image you see on your screen. Pixels and resolution are directly correlated and a higher resolution equals a higher number of pixels on a monitor screen. To visualize this, we can think of pixels as puzzle pieces; each one makes up a small piece of a bigger picture. Moreover, the more pixels a monitor has, the more detailed images can be.
DPI dots per inch indicates the number of dots found within a one-inch line of a scan or print. While PPI is the correct term when referencing monitors and other displays, both terms are often used interchangeably. A higher pixel density will mean that there are more pixels packed into every square inch of your screen.
Pixel density is a significant factor because it determines the quality of your image in that a higher pixel density will generally give you better-looking images. That being said, pixel density also depends on screen size. This means that both have 1, horizontal pixels and 1, vertical pixels.
Now imagine that one screen is a inch screen, while the other is a inch screen. Now you can see how pixel density comes into play because you will have the same number of pixels spread across a larger screen with the inch monitor. Thus, the smaller monitor will have a more densely packed pixel density, resulting in smoother lines and sharper images. Well, the answer is yes and no. While, generally speaking, a higher pixel density is better, there is a point of diminishing returns.
As pixel density becomes higher and higher, the noticeable benefits of that higher pixel density become lower and lower. This will eventually lead to a point where the benefits offered by a higher pixel density are undetectable by your eye. In the example above, the inch monitor would have a pixel density of about 88 ppi , while the inch monitor would have a pixel density of about 69 ppi. To take things even further, it is common for smartphones nowadays to have pixel densities ranging from ppi all the way up to over ppi.
The problem here is that the exact point where a higher PPI becomes undetectable is a matter of debate. Some say that the optimal pixel density is somewhere are around ppi, while others say that the pixel density detectable by the eye is closer to ppi. The following list ranks some of the more common monitor resolutions found on the market nowadays from lowest monitor resolution to highest.
About p Resolution: p resolution, or x , is a progressive-style monitor resolution. About p Resolution : p is a progressive resolution containing x pixels. About 4K Resolution : 4K resolution is so-named due to its horizontal pixel count, although for monitors, 4K resolution is equal to a pixel count of x Although the market share for 4K resolution has increased year-over-year since , its adoption has thus far been limited to internet video streaming, video projection, and commercial televisions.
About 8K Resolution : 8K resolution measures at x pixels and is currently the highest monitor resolution currently available. The technology is so new that commercially available 8K UHD televisions and broadcasts are just now becoming available.
On the market, 8K is currently being integrated into TVs, computer monitors, and broadcast cameras. As with computer monitors, projectors also have their own display dimensions.
For example, most aspect projectors have a display of x pixels, so an image that is x pixels with a 72 PPI resolution would be an ideal image size to be displayed from a projector. Learn more about projector display. Web images work differently than printed images.
With printed images, we must pay close attention to resolution to ensure we get a high-quality print. For web images, we must focus on the pixel dimensions. Look at the two images below - one is ppi and the other is 72ppi.
Pixel Dimensions x ; Resolution ppi. Pixel Dimensions x ; Resolution 72ppi. Both of these images display at the exact same size even though their resolution varies. This is because the pixel dimensions are what really matter when working with web images. Notice that the pixel dimensions of each image are the same and therefore both images will display at the same size even though they have differing resolutions.
University of Michigan Library Research Guides. Ask a Librarian. Search this Guide Search. Focuses on many common image questions in regards to image resolutions, resizing images, file types, vector and raster images, scanning, saving and more. Home Raster vs. What does that mean? To begin with, the letters tell you how the picture is "painted" on the monitor. A "p" stands for progressive, and an "i" stands for interlaced. The interlaced scan is a holdover from television and from early CRT monitors.
The monitor or TV screen has lines of pixels arranged horizontally across it. The lines were fairly easy to see if you got up close to an older monitor or TV, but nowadays the pixels on the screen are so small that they are very hard to see even with magnification. A progressive display paints all the odd lines first, then all the even lines. Since the screen is being painted in alternate lines, flicker has always been a problem with interlaced scans.
Manufacturers have tried to overcome this problem in various ways. The most common way is to increase the number of times a complete screen is painted in a second, which is called the refresh rate. The most common refresh rate was 60 times per second, which was acceptable for most people, but it could be pushed a bit higher to get rid of the flicker that some people perceived. As people moved away from the older CRT displays, the terminology changed from refresh rate to frame rate, because of the difference in the way the LED monitor works.
The frame rate is the speed with which the monitor displays each separate frame of data. The most recent versions of Windows set the frame rate at 60 Hertz, or 60 cycles per second, and LED screens do not flicker. And the system changed from interlaced scan to progressive scan because the new digital displays were so much faster. In a progressive scan, the lines are painted on the screen in sequence rather than first the odd lines and first the even lines.
If you want to translate p for example, is used for displays that are characterized by horizontal lines of vertical resolution and a progressive scan. For another interesting history lessons, read also Interlaced video.
When high-definition TVs became the norm, manufacturers developed a shorthand to explain their display resolution. The most common numbers you will see are p, p and i. And these shorthand numbers are sometimes used to describe computer monitors as well, even though in general a monitor is capable of a higher-definition display than a TV. The number always refers to the number of horizontal lines on the display.
At the beginning I mentioned the term aspect ratio.
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