Therefore, during the period of Hazrat Usman R. A ,Quran was again compiled on one qirat of quraish for the recitation of every Muslim. Before even the creation of the first man. Then, after the completion of their appointed terms, He would judge them and send them to their eternal destinations: either one of endless bliss, or one of everlasting grief.
This life, then, is a journey that presents to its wayfarers many paths. Only one of these paths is clear and straight. This path is the Shariah. Divine Guidance In Arabic, Shariah means the clear, well-trodden path to water. Islamically, it is used to refer to the matters of religion that God has legislated for His servants. The linguistic meaning of Shariah reverberates in its technical usage: just as water is vital to human life so the clarity and uprightness of Shariah is the means of life for souls and minds.
Throughout history, God has sent messengers to people all over the world, to guide them to the straight path that would lead them to happiness in this world and the one to follow. The Prophet Muhammad God bless him and give him peace was the final messenger and his Shariah represents the ultimate manifestation of the divine mercy. Legal Rulings The Shariah regulates all human actions and puts them into five categories: obligatory, recommended, permitted, disliked or forbidden.
Obligatory actions must be performed and when performed with good intentions are rewarded. Its opposite is the forbidden. Recommended action is that which should be done. Its opposite is the disliked. Permitted action is that which is neither encouraged nor discouraged. Most human actions fall in this last category. Classical Shariah manuals are often divided into four parts: laws relating to personal acts of worship, laws relating to commercial dealings, laws relating to marriage and divorce, and penal laws.
The scholars explain that the welfare of humans is based on the fulfillment of necessities, needs, and comforts. Necessities Necessities are matters that worldly and religious life depend upon. Their omission leads to unbearable hardship in this life, or punishment in the next. There are five necessities: preservation of religion, life, intellect, lineage, and wealth.
These ensure individual and social welfare in this life and the hereafter. The Shariah protects these necessities in two ways: firstly by ensuring their establishment and then by preserving them.
Religion: To ensure the establishment of religion, God Most High has made belief and worship obligatory. To ensure its preservation, the rulings relating to the obligation of learning and conveying the religion were legislated.
Life: To ensure the preservation of human life, God Most high legislated for marriage, healthy eating and living, and forbid the taking of life and laid down punishments for doing so.
Intellect: God has permitted that sound intellect and knowledge be promoted, and forbidden that which corrupts or weakens it, such as alcohol and drugs.
He has also imposed preventative punishments in order that people stay away from them, because a sound intellect is the basis of the moral responsibility that humans were given. Lineage: marriage was legislated for the preservation of lineage, and sex outside marriage was forbidden. Punitive laws were put in placed in order to ensure the preservation of lineage and the continuation of human life.
Wealth: God has made it obligatory to support oneself and those one is responsible for, and placed laws to regulate the commerce and transactions between people, in order to ensure fair dealing, economic justice, and to prevent oppression and dispute.
The essence of its message is to establish the oneness of God and the spiritual and moral need of man for God.
This need is fulfilled through worship and submission, and has ultimate consequences in the Hereafter. Because of its inimitable style and eloquence, and, above all, the guidance and legal provisions it came with, it ensures the worldly and next-worldly welfare of humanity. He brings them out of darkness unto light by His decree, and guides them unto a straight path.
Sunnah is an Arabic word which means "Method". It was applied by the Prophet Muhammad peace be upon him as a legal term to represent what he said, did and agreed to. Its authority is derived from the text of the Quran. The Quran says, "For you the life of the Prophet is a model of behaviour" Many books of traditions were compiled by the companions of the Prophet p.
The collectors of traditions adopted a very scientific system in collecting the Traditions. They did not record any tradition except with the chain of narrators. Every tradition gives the name of the last narrator of the tradition from whom he learnt the tradition and so on back to the Prophet or Companion of the Prophet.
The Sunnah, which is established through reliable narrators, is fully dependable as legal element. The Quran and the Sunnah are complimentary. The meaning of the Quran is general in nature, the Sunnah makes it specific and particular. The Sunnah explains the instructions of the Quran. The Quranic injunction is sometimes implicit, the Sunnah makes it explicit by providing essential ingredients and details.
The Quran and the Sunnah are the primary sources of Islamic law. Ijma that is consensus of opinion of scholars and Qiyas that is laws derived through analogical deduction are the secondary or dependent sources of Islamic law or Shariah.
In this type the Sanad chain of transmission reaches right upto Rasulullah Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam. In other words it means that since so many people are narrating this Hadith in each generation so there is not even least doubt about its truthfulness, so Hadith-e-Mutawatir is taken as an absolute truth and one who rejects it is considered Kaafir. The words of the narrators are different. Sometimes even the reported events are not the same.
But all the narrators are unanimous in reporting a basic concept which is common in all the reports. This common concept is also ranked as a Mutawatir concept.
For example: Raising of hands while making dua. In this all the narrators are highly pious, authentic and reliable and there is no weakness in this Hadith either as regards to chain of transmission or as regards to the text Matan of the Hadith. Since this Hadith in itself was Hasan and got elevated to the status of Sahih due to support from other hadith, it is called Sahihi-Ligairihi. Continuity of chain or Sanad: Every transmitter should be joined to the next successive transmitter directly without any missing link between them throughout the whole chain of transmission.
Piousness and Taqwa of transmitters: Every transmitter Raawy should be extremely pious, mature with sound mind and an honoured person. Memory power or written documentation: Every narrator should have extraordinary memory power so that it can be assumed that whichever Hadith he has learned , he remembers it well or he should have got properly written Hadith from reliable sources.
Lack of opposition to know authorities of Hadith: No Raawy or transmitter should have opposed any known authority of Hadith or a Muhaddith superior to him. Lack of reasons which could raise any doubt: Raawy should not have any such apparent or hidden ailment which can tell upon his health. It is the most regular hadith, and most scholars accept it, and it is used by the fuqaha generally, meaning that in its isnad there are no narrators that have been charged with lying, nor it is a shadh irregular.
However, a hadith of similar matn might have been narrated from another way, and it is thus excluded from being shadh or munkar rejected. The hasan hadith is used as proof exactly as the sahih hadith. It is also Hujjat in Shari'ah like Sahih.
In this Hadith there is some defect either in the chain of transmission or in proper understanding of the transmitter, or its contents are not in perfect agreement with Islamic beliefs and practices. There is usually consensus that Dhaeef Hadith cannot be used in Masail but can be used in Fadhail, Mustahab or Makrooh only when it fulfills three preconditions Some scholars do not include it even in weak Hadith if one knows that it is a Maudhu Hadith.
The Muslim society requires such a rule making power to meet the practical problems for implementation of Islamic Shariah Islamic Law. Ijma is considered a sufficient evidence for action because the Prophet of Islam said, "Muslim majority or main body will never agree on a wrong mailer".
For complaints, use another form. Study lib. Upload document Create flashcards. Flashcards Collections. Documents Last activity. Add to Add to collection s Add to saved. WAHY Revelation and its Types Literal Meaning Inspiration, revelation, suggestion, to point out a thing to someone, to put a thing into the mind of someone secretly; letter, writing: something revealed or written or the idea inspired or revealed; saying; commandment; to dispatch a messenger to someone; to speak with someone secretly; to urge; voice.
In Islamic Terminology Communication of idea, command and information from Allah to a chosen human being, conveyed either directly or through supernatural agencies like angels. Note: Ilham and Wahi difference? Ilham literally means to inspire: to put a thought or an idea into the mind of someone. In Islamic terminology, Ilham means inspiration of an idea or information from Allah to any chosen person.
Ilham is limited to unspoken and unwritten inspiration; wahy is used for spoken as well as unspoken and written as well as unwritten inspiration and revelation. Recipients of Wahy We can classify them according to who the recipients are into the following categories: a. The Prophets, of whom Moses is more frequently mentioned. The disciples of Jesus or mother of Moses d.
Angels e. The bee f. The heavens Wahy is not restricted to the Prophets. His wahy reaches out to all forms of creation. Nature of the Message Natural Instinct: We always admire the wonderful achievements of small insects, such as the bees, the ants, the spiders and so forth. The same is true about the laws of nature, such as gravity, the movement of atoms, planets, etc.
This is all due to a general guidance, provided by God. Inspiration: Sometimes God suggests certain ideas or courses of action to some people who are not necessarily prophets. This inspiration was not convened through an angel and the mother of Moses was not a prophet. Therefore, there is also a kind of general inspiration for all people. For example, the Qur'an tells us that God has inspired mankind with discernment between virtues and vices.
Ways of Communicating Wahi Muslim scholars have distinguished between three different methods of divine communication to the Prophets: a Direct and immediate communication: This is interpreted to be of two kinds: i.
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